Nrog rau kev txhim kho kev ua neej nyob thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam, qhov kev thov rau cov khoom siv tau loj hlob tuaj.Niaj hnub no, ob qho tib si tsim thiab tsim lub teb chaws xav txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov peev txheej thiab kev tsim cov peev txheej raws li kev ntsuas kev lag luam.Cov ntaub ntawv rho tawm kuj tau ua rau kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, kev siv thev naus laus zis mining niaj hnub, muaj ntau cov txiaj ntsig zoo, muaj kev nyab xeeb, tsis tshua muaj nqi mining tshuab thiab cov txheej txheem.
Kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv Tebchaws Meskas yog qhov tsim tshaj plaws, thiab nws cov cuab yeej qhib qhov mining muaj ob qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: Thawj, cov khoom siv mining loj, thiab qhov thib ob, cov khoom siv automation thiab kev txawj ntse.Txij li thaum xyoo 1990, lub tshuab computer ib leeg-lub sijhawm saib xyuas ntawm cov cuab yeej qhib-qhov loj hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau siv dav.

Nws cov khoom siv hauv av mining muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
1) Cov cuab yeej Jackie Chan txhawb nqa qib siab ntawm kev siv tshuab.Txawv teb chaws advanced underground mining cov cuab yeej los ntawm pob zeb drilling mus rau cov khoom xa tuaj, tag nrho cov downhole mechanization txhawb kev ua haujlwm, tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsis muaj phau ntawv ua haujlwm, tsis muaj phau ntawv hnyav.Ntau hom hydraulic drilling rig, hydraulic pob zeb laum, diesel lossis hluav taws xob thiab cov chaw taws teeb tswj scraper yog cov khoom siv yooj yim heev.Txhawm rau hloov mus rau cov cuab yeej siv tshuab Jackie Chan, cov cuab yeej loj loj, miniaturization, serialization, standardization, high degree ntawm generalization.
2) Cov khoom siv tsis muaj kev taug qab, hydraulic, qib siab ntawm automation.Cov cuab yeej siv mining txawv teb chaws tau ua tiav tag nrho cov trackless, hydraulic.Hauv automation, peb tau ua tiav cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li kev tsav tsheb tsis muaj neeg hlau thiab cov neeg hlau.
3) Cov cuab yeej siv thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, muaj kev ntseeg siab.Tam sim no, qhov tob tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Johannesburg, South Africa.Ntawm lawv, No.3 thiab No.3 qhov dej siab tshaj 3500 meters, uas yog qhov tob tshaj plaws uas tib neeg tuaj yeem ncav cuag.Lub mine tob tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nyob hauv Homestok Gold Mine hauv South Dakota, yog qhov qub tshaj plaws thiab tob tshaj plaws faus kuv hauv North America.Nws muaj 130-xyoo keeb kwm thiab qhov tob ntawm 2,500 meters.

Hais txog Mining Technology:
1.Leaching tshuab
Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub rov qab ntawm qib qis tooj liab, kub ore, uranium ore tau lug siv nyob rau hauv lub leaching technology, leaching nyob rau hauv situ leaching, heap leaching thiab nyob rau hauv situ crushing leaching peb pawg.Tebchaws Asmeskas, Canada, Australia thiab lwm lub tebchaws cuam tshuam nrog 0.15% -0.45% qib qis tooj liab ore, tooj liab oxide ore ntau dua 2% thiab 0.02% -0.1% uranium ore yog qhov yooj yim heap leaching thiab nyob rau hauv situ blasting leaching rov qab.

2.Deep mining tshuab
Vim qhov nce ntawm cov peev txheej mining, cov peev txheej tau txo qis thiab cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus mining kuj muaj ntau dua.Kev txhawb nqa kev sib sib zog nqus mining yog siab dua.Raws li qhov tob tob zuj zus, cov teeb meem uas tau ntsib kuj tseem muaj ntau dua, Kev nce ntxiv, cov teeb meem ntawm cov dej thiab qhov cua, cov pob zeb tsim kub nce.Niaj hnub no, qhov tob mining ntawm cov mines uas tsis yog-theem nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog feem ntau tsis ntau tshaj 700-800m, tab sis nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no ib co deposits nrog ib tug tob ntawm txog 1000m tau tsim.

3.Kev txawj ntse underground mine
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, kev tsim hluav taws xob ceev tau lag luam nyob deb ntawm lub tshuab ntse, vim yog siv cov cuab yeej ntse, ua rau mining efficiency zoo heev, txo cov peev xwm kev nyab xeeb.Vim yog kev nqis peev hauv kev txawj ntse ntawm cov hlau ore mining, kev tswj xyuas cov mining thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua kom tiav.Kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ntse mining tshuab thiab khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb los ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm zoo.

4.Filling mining tshuab yog dav siv
Raws li cov xwm txheej sib txawv, siv cov khoom sib txawv.Filling tshuab siv thoob ntiaj teb: dej xuab zeb filling, qhuav filling, dej siab filling, cement filling.Cementing filling yog muab faib ua: sub-kab lus tailings hydraulic filling, sau lwm yam hydraulic filling (siab concentration ntawm tus kheej-slip tus me nyuam), tag nrho-tailing paste nws tus kheej-slip paste filling thiab tailing paste twj tso kua mis.Tam sim no, kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb yog tag nrho tailings muab tshuaj txhuam filling.Lub tshuab filling tshiab yuav tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov peev txheej, tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab ua kom muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov mines.Sau cov kev lag luam mining nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st yuav muaj kev cia siab ntau dua ntawm txoj kev loj hlob.