Mining Technology

Ndi kusintha kwa moyo komanso kukula mwachangu kwa mafakitale, kufunikira kwa zinthu zakuthupi kukukulirakulira.Masiku ano, mayiko otukuka komanso omwe akutukuka kumene amawona kulanda chuma ndi chitukuko cha zinthu ngati njira zoyenera.Kuchotsa zinthu zakuthupi kwachititsanso kuti pakhale chitukuko cha teknoloji ya migodi, teknoloji ya migodi tsiku ndi tsiku, pakhala pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha teknoloji yogwira ntchito bwino, yotetezeka, yotsika mtengo komanso yotsika mtengo.
Ukadaulo wa migodi ku United States ndiwotukuka kwambiri, ndipo zida zake zamigodi zotseguka zili ndi zinthu ziwiri zodziwika bwino: Choyamba, zida zazikulu zamigodi, ndipo chachiwiri, zida zamagetsi ndi luntha.Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1990, kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ya makompyuta a makina akuluakulu otsegula ku United States kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Zida zake zamigodi mobisa zili ndi izi:
1) Zida Jackie Chan zothandizira makina apamwamba kwambiri.Zida zakunja zapamwamba zapansi panthaka kuyambira pakubowola miyala mpaka kutumiza, makina onse ogwetsera pansi, njira zonse zopanda ntchito pamanja, palibe ntchito yamanja yolemetsa.Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hydraulic drilling rig, hydraulic rock drill, diesel kapena magetsi ndi remote control scraper ndi zida zodziwika bwino.Kuti agwirizane ndi makina a Jackie Chan, zida zazikulu, miniaturization, serialization, standardization, high degree of generalization.
2) Zida zopanda track, hydraulic, high degree of automation.Zida zam'migodi zakunja zakhala zikukwaniritsidwa bwino pa trackless, hydraulic.Mu makina ochita kupanga, tayambitsa bwino matekinoloje atsopano monga ma robotiki osayendetsa ndi ma robotiki.
3) Zida ndi ntchito zaukadaulo ndizokhwima, zodalirika kwambiri.Pakali pano, mgodi wakuya kwambiri padziko lonse uli kumadzulo kwa Johannesburg, South Africa.Pakati pawo, zitsime za No.3 ndi No.3 zimaposa mamita 3500, komwe ndi malo ozama kwambiri omwe anthu angathe kufika.Mgodi wakuya kwambiri ku United States, womwe uli ku Homestok Gold Mine ku South Dakota, ndi mgodi wakale kwambiri komanso wokwiriridwa kwambiri ku North America.Ili ndi mbiri yazaka 130 komanso kuya kwa mita 2,500.

Zaukadaulo wa Mining:
1.Leaching technology
Pakadali pano pakubwezeretsanso mkuwa wocheperako, miyala yagolide, miyala ya uranium yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muukadaulo wa leaching, leaching in situ leaching, heap leaching ndi in situ crushing leaching magulu atatu.United States, Canada, Australia ndi mayiko ena amachita ndi 0.15% -0.45% low grade copper ore, copper oxide ore kuposa 2% ndi 0.02% -0.1% ore uranium kwenikweni mulu leaching ndipo in situ blasting leaching recovery.

2.Tekinoloje yakuya migodi
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chuma cha migodi, chuma chikuchepa ndipo umisiri wosazama wa migodi yakuya ndi wochuluka kwambiri.Thandizo laukadaulo la migodi yakuya ndilapamwamba.Pamene kuya kukukulirakulira, zovuta zomwe zimakumana nazo zimachulukirachulukira, Kuwonjezeka, mavuto a ngalande ndi mpweya wabwino, kutentha kwa mapangidwe a miyala kumawonjezeka.Masiku ano, kuya kwa migodi ya migodi yopanda malasha m'dziko lathu nthawi zambiri sikuposa 700-800m, koma m'zaka zaposachedwa ma depositi ena akuya pafupifupi 1000m apangidwa.

3.Intelligent underground mgodi
Chitukuko cha sayansi ndi luso, liwiro yokumba watsalira kutali makina anzeru, chifukwa ntchito zipangizo anzeru, kupanga migodi Mwachangu kwambiri kuchuluka, kuchepetsa ngozi kuthekera chitetezo.Chifukwa cha ndalama mu dongosolo lanzeru la migodi yachitsulo, kayendetsedwe ka migodi ndi ntchito zogwirira ntchito ziyenera kumalizidwa.Makina opangira migodi opangidwa mwanzeru komanso anzeru ndi zida ndizofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti migodi yotetezeka komanso yothandiza.

4.Kudzaza teknoloji ya migodi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
Malinga ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zodzaza.Ukadaulo wodzazira womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi: kudzaza mchenga wamadzi, kudzaza kouma, kudzaza madzi olimba, kudzaza simenti.Kudzaza simenti kumagawidwa mu: sub-paragraph tailings hydraulic filling, kudzaza ma hydraulic filler (kuchuluka kwa kudzibweretsera kokhazikika), phala lamtundu uliwonse wodzigudubuza ndikudzaza pampu.Pakadali pano, malingaliro apadziko lonse lapansi ndi odzaza tailings phala pampu.Ukadaulo watsopano wodzaza udzatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuteteza chuma, kuteteza chilengedwe, kukonza bwino komanso kuonetsetsa kuti migodi ikukula.Kudzaza migodi m'zaka za zana la 21 kudzakhala ndi chiyembekezo chowonjezereka cha chitukuko.


Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-21-2022