Iphethini yamazwe ngamazwe yokuhweba ngamalahle

Ukuhwebelana kwamalahle emhlabeni jikelele kunqunywa ukwabiwa kwemithombo yamalahle esimweni samazwe ngamazwe, okungukuthi, ukusuka ezindaweni ezinothile ngamalahle ukuya ezindaweni ezifunwa kakhulu.Ngokombono wokuma kwezwe, ukuhamba kwamalahle okuyinhloko kwesifunda ngamazwe ngamazwe eJalimane neFrance kuholele eJapane neNingizimu Korea futhi njengommeleli wesifunda sase-Asia Pacific, okuhlanganisa: Ukuthengwa kwamalahle e-EU ikakhulukazi evela eNyakatho Melika nase-Eurasia;I-Japan kanye neNingizimu Korea njengabamele ukuthengwa kwamalahle esifundeni sase-Asia Pacific ikakhulukazi emazweni akhiqiza amalahle esifundeni (njenge-Indonesia, Australia).Uma sibheka ingxenye yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ekukhiqizweni kwamalahle emhlabeni wonke, izinga lokuhweba lamalahle aliphezulu, libalelwa ngaphansi kuka-15%.Amalahle e-steam wuhlobo oluyinhloko lohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, olubalelwa ku-70% wesamba sohwebo esiphelele, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zamalahle zenza cishe u-30%.Kusukela ohlotsheni lwezohwebo, ezokuthutha zasolwandle ziwuhlobo oluyinhloko lohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, olubalelwa ngaphezu kwama-90% ohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe.i-conveyor idler ikhiqiza.

Amalahle angenye yemithombo yamandla eningi kakhulu, asatshalaliswa kabanzi futhi ayonga kakhulu emhlabeni.Ngokusho kwedatha ye-World Energy Commission, kusukela ngo-2013, izinqolobane zamalahle ezifakazelwe emhlabeni wonke ezingaba amathani angama-8915, asatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi esifundeni sase-Asia Pacific, eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika nase-Eurasia, ezintathu zezinqolobane zomhlaba wonke ezitholakalayo ezingama-95%, isifunda sase-Asia Pacific sibalelwa ku-32%, sibalwa ku-28% wendawo yaseNyakatho Melika, i-Europe kanye ne-Eurasia ibalelwa ku-35%.Ngokwezwe, amazwe anezinqolobane zamalahle amaningi yi-United States, Russia, China, India, Australia kanye neNingizimu Afrika, athatha cishe u-75% wamalahle kulawa mazwe ayisi-6.Phakathi kwazo, i-United States, i-Russia, i-China kanye ne-India babalwe ngaphezu kwe-10% yengqikithi yokugcina emhlabeni.i-conveyor idler ikhiqiza.

Njengoba inguquko yokuqala yezimboni yamandla amakhulu, nakuba amalahle esewuqedile umsebenzi wawo oyingqopha-mlando, kodwa ngenxa yezici zezindawo ezicebile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezomnotho, ukuhlukahluka kwamandla namuhla, asenawo amandla aqinile, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka aholwa Isakhiwo samandla e-China ne-India, amalahle asewumthombo wamandla oyinhloko wesidingo.Ngo-2013, ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke kwamalahle angamathani angama-38.3 okulingana nowoyela, okubalelwa ku-30.1% wengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwamandla.Kulokhu: amalahle ahlinzeka ngo-67.5% wesidingo samandla saseShayina, okuhlinzeka i-India ngo-54.51% wezidingo zamandla.i-conveyor idler ikhiqiza.

Ukugeleza kwamalahle kudluliselwa kakhulu ensaleni yamalahle iye ekuhlinzekweni kwamalahle, isifunda sase-Asia Pacific e-Atlantic e-Europe kanti i-Pacific iyindawo eyinhloko emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa: ukungenisa kwamalahle e-Atlantic ekuthengisweni kwamalahle eYurophu ikakhulukazi evela emazweni angomakhelwane baseMelika kanye I-Eurasia, ukuthengwa kwamalahle esifundeni sasePacific ikakhulukazi kuphuma kwamanye amalahle Amandla e-Asia Pacific endawo (afana ne-Indonesia, Australia), ukuthunyelwa kwe-Afrika kwamanye amazwe kuya ezifundeni ezimbili kwakufana.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-12-2022